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# MODIS Global Land Cover Classifications at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 degree (2000-2001)#
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################################################################################
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The files in this directory were provided by Drs. Mark Friedl and Alan Strahler,
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and Mr. John Hodges from the Department of Geography at Boston University. These
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are global, coarse resolution (1/4, 1/2 and 1 degree spatial resolutions) land
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cover classifications (dominant type, classification confidence and fractional
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cover) generated using a full year of MODerate Resolution Imaging
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Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data covering the period from October 2000 to October
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2001. These land cover products use the classification scheme proposed by the
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International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP). Original 1km MODIS data and
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land cover products are available from the EROS Data Center Distributed Active
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Archive Center (DAAC) or from Boston University at
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http://geography.bu.edu/landcover/index.html
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The objective of the MODIS Land Cover Product is to provide a suite of land
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cover types useful to global system science modelers by exploiting the
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information content of MODIS data in the spectral, temporal, spatial, and
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directional domains. The MODIS Land Cover Product describes the geographic
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distribution of the 17 IGBP land cover types based on an annual time series of
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observations (See below for a list of the cover types included). Confidence
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assessments of the classifications are also provided in a separate layer. The
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data set also provides the fraction of each of the 17 classes within the coarser
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resolution cells. These data sets have been adjusted to match the land/water
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boundaries and fractions of the ISLSCP2 land/water masks. The user should always
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refer to the full data set documentation and/or the reference below for more
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information on data processing.
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Please cite the following publication when these data are used:
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Friedl M.A., D.K. McIver, J.C.F. Hodges, X.Y. Zhang, D. Muchoney, A.H. Strahler,
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C.E. Woodcock, S. Gopal, A. Schneider, A. Cooper, A. Baccini, F. Gao, and C.
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Schaaf, Global Land Cover Mapping from MODIS: Algorithms and Early Results,
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Remote Sensing of Environment 83(1-2):287-302.
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Any problems encountered with the data set should be reported to Eric Brown de
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Colstoun at ericbdc@ltpmail.gsfc.nasa.gov
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##############################################################################
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File Name Convention
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--------------------
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The data sets in this directory are provided at three spatial resolutions of
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0.25, 0.5 and 1 degrees lat./long. For each spatial resolution there is a land
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cover type classification layer (with numbers from 0 to 17), a classifier
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confidence assessment layer, in percent, and 17 associated layers that provide
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the fraction, from 0 to 100, of each land cover type per cell. The land cover
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type files are named "modis_landcover_class_XX.asc", where XX is qd, hd, or 1d,
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denoting a spatial resolution of 1/4, 1/2 or 1 degrees, respectively. The
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classifier confidence layer is named "modis_landcover_conf_XX.asc", where XX is
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the same as above. The fractional files are called "modis_landcover_XX_cZZ.asc",
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where XX is the same as above, and ZZ is a number from 00 to 17 which represents
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the land cover type code as described below. As an example, the file named
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"modis_landcover_qd_c02.asc" is the fraction of Evergreen Broadleaf Forest at a
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quarter degree spatial resolution. This file is associated with the
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"modis_landcover_class_qd.asc" land cover type file and the
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"modis_landcover_conf_qd.asc" classifier confidence file.
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##############################################################################
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ASCII File Format
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------------------
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All of the files in the ISLSCP Initiative II data collection are in the ASCII,
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or text format. The file format consists of numerical fields of varying length,
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which are delimited by a single space and arranged in columns and rows. The
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values in the land cover class type and classifier confidence files are written
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as integers from 0 to 17 and 0 to 255, respectively. In the classifier
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confidence files a value of 254 is assigned to all water bodies while a value of
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255 is assigned to cells with no data. All values in the land cover fraction
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files are written as real numbers.
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The files at different spatial resolutions each contain the following numbers of
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columns and rows:
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One degree: 360 columns by 180 rows
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1/2 degree: 720 columns by 360 rows
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1/4 degree: 1440 columns by 720 rows
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All files are gridded to a common equal-angle lat/long grid, where the
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coordinates of the upper left corner of the files are located at 180oW, 90oN and
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the lower right corner coordinates are located at 180oE, 90oS. Data in the files
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are ordered from North to South and from West to East beginning at 180 degrees
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West and 90 degrees North.
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The data files are PKZip compressed. On UNIX, they can be decompressed using the
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"unzip -a" command. On Windows, they can be decompressed using WinZip or other
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PKZip software. On the Macintosh, they can be decompressed using Stuffit
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Expander.
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################################################################################
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Land Cover Type Codes and Definitions
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-------------------------------------
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The following 17 IGBP classes are used.
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0 = Water Bodies: Oceans, seas, lakes, reservoirs, and rivers. Can be either fresh
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or salt water bodies. Note that this class has not been mapped directly from
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MODIS data in this provisional release. It is overlaid from a Digital Elevation
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Model (DEM) generated for the MODIS processing stream at the Jet Propulsion
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Laboratory (JPL). This has been adjusted to match the ISLSCP2 land/water masks.
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1= Evergreen Needleleaf Forests: Lands dominated by trees with a percent canopy
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cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Almost all trees remain green all
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year. Canopy is never without green foliage.
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2= Evergreen Broadleaf Forests: Lands dominated by trees with percent canopy
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cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Almost all trees remain green year all
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year. Canopy is never without green foliage.
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3= Deciduous Needleleaf Forests: Lands dominated by trees with a percent canopy
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cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Consists of seasonal needleleaf tree
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communities with an annual cycle of leaf-on and leaf-off periods.
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4= Deciduous Broadleaf Forests: Lands dominated by trees with a percent canopy
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cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Consists of seasonal broadleaf tree
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communities with an annual cycle of leaf-on and leaf-off periods.
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5= Mixed Forests: Lands dominated by trees with a percent canopy cover >60% and
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height exceeding 2 meters. Consists of tree communities with interspersed
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mixtures or mosaics of the other four forest cover types. None of the forest
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types exceeds 60% of landscape.
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6= Closed Shrublands: Lands with woody vegetation less than 2 meters tall and
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with shrub canopy cover is >60%. The shrub foliage can be either evergreen or
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deciduous.
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7= Open Shrublands: Lands with woody vegetation less than 2 meters tall and with
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shrub canopy cover is between 10-60%. The shrub foliage can be either evergreen
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or deciduous.
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8= Woody Savannas: Lands with herbaceous and other understory systems and forest
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canopy cover of 30-60%. The forest cover height exceeds 2 meters.
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9= Savannas: Lands with herbaceous and other understory systems and forest canopy
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cover of 10-30%. The forest cover height exceeds 2 meters.
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10=Grasslands: Lands with herbaceous types of cover. Tree and shrub cover is
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less than 10%.
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11=Permanent Wetlands: Lands with a permanent mixture of surface water and
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herbaceous or woody vegetation. The vegetation can be present in either salt,
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brackish, or fresh water.
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12=Croplands: Lands covered with temporary crops followed by harvest and a bare
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soil period (e.g., single and multiple cropping systems). Note that perennial
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woody crops will be classified as the appropriate forest or shrub land cover
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type.
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13=Urban and Built-Up: Land primarily covered by buildings and other man-made
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structures. Note that this class has not been mapped directly from MODIS data in
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this provisional release. It is overlaid from the populated places layer from
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the EDC Global Land Cover Characterization project (GLCC,
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http://edcdaac.usgs.gov/glcc/glcc.html).
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14=Cropland/Natural Vegetation Mosaic: Lands with a mosaic of croplands,
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forests, shrublands, and grasslands in which no one component comprises more
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than 60% of the landscape.
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15=Permanent Snow and Ice: Lands under snow and/or ice cover throughout the year.
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16=Barren or Sparsely Vegetated: Lands with exposed soil, sand, rocks, or snow
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that never has more than 10% vegetated cover during any time of the year.
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17=Unclassified: Artifacts due to discrepancies between the EDC GLCC water mask
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and the JPL DEM. Found in coastal zones and mid-ocean islands in this
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provisional release.
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################################################################################
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